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Computer Network and Internet
In general, the computer that we use or that we often see
in homes is a stand-alone computer, meaning no associated with other computers. Stand-alone Computer This is called a stand-alone computer.
Actually, the computers can be interconnected between one with another. The computers are interconnected called computer network (network). This network could include areas small, eg for one office only, the so-called local area network (LAN). There is also an extensive computer network, for example, includes one campus or one region, called the wide area network (WAN).
Usefulness of computer networks, among others:
in homes is a stand-alone computer, meaning no associated with other computers. Stand-alone Computer This is called a stand-alone computer.
Actually, the computers can be interconnected between one with another. The computers are interconnected called computer network (network). This network could include areas small, eg for one office only, the so-called local area network (LAN). There is also an extensive computer network, for example, includes one campus or one region, called the wide area network (WAN).
Usefulness of computer networks, among others:
- Can exchange data or information directly,
- Can utilize equipment that is installed on another computer,
- It could do a job together.
Computer network that covers the whole world a very famous is the internet. Through the internet people all over the world can be mutually related, exchange data / information, play together and so forth.
If the computer we want to be connected with other computers, we
must install the network device, such as installing LAN Card and connecting the computer with a cable network. If computer we want to be connected to the internet, we can put modem and subscribe to the company's Internet connection provider Internet services (Internet Service Provider / ISP).
If the computer we want to be connected with other computers, we
must install the network device, such as installing LAN Card and connecting the computer with a cable network. If computer we want to be connected to the internet, we can put modem and subscribe to the company's Internet connection provider Internet services (Internet Service Provider / ISP).
Figure 1-10. Display a web site on the internet
Human and computer networks
Man is the most decisive element in the system computers, because humans have a brain (brain) is dynamic and can make policy. Humans can consider many elements together in making decisions, including using intuition. This is not owned by both hardware and computer software.
As users of computers, humans are classified into three categories, namely:
As users of computers, humans are classified into three categories, namely:
- System Analyst, one who analyze the needs and determining how computer systems can meet the needs of these.
- Programmer, that is, those who compile the commands in programming language so that computers can perform tasks to meet expected demand.
- Operators, namely the user or the people who run the program which was created by the programmer. The user computer that we know generally classified in this category because it does not compile own program, but direct use. Another term for user is user (user).
Figure 1-9. Computer Users
Multimedia
Multimedia programs include programs to play
music / song, a film / video, capture the radio / television and
forth. This type of program seeks to utilize computer
replace other electronic devices, or control
the use of other equipment so that more efficient.
Examples of multimedia programs that we used to know, among others:
WinAmp (commonly used for playing MP3 songs)
Jet-Audio (can play multiple formats and play songs video)
RealPlayer (can capture radio and TV broadcasts from the internet).
Figure 1-8. Jet-Audio Display program
Game
Games are the programs designed to display the
interactive games on the computer screen. This type of program is
are manifold, even to simulate real-world equivalent.
When this has been a lot made a game program that can be played
jointly by many people over a computer network
local and internet.
Examples of programs we know the game that generally include:
interactive games on the computer screen. This type of program is
are manifold, even to simulate real-world equivalent.
When this has been a lot made a game program that can be played
jointly by many people over a computer network
local and internet.
Examples of programs we know the game that generally include:
- Solitaire (available on Windows Accessories)
- Counter Strike (commonly played in the games center)
- Kurusetra (famous as the original online game made by Indonesian children)
Figure 1-7. Views permaian FreeCell program
Program Application And Utilities
Application programs are programs created for specific purposes,
such as for sales in supermarkets, to manage patient data
in hospitals, to print a receipt and so forth.
Program applications are manifold because it is tailored to
needs of each of its maker or buyer.
such as for sales in supermarkets, to manage patient data
in hospitals, to print a receipt and so forth.
Program applications are manifold because it is tailored to
needs of each of its maker or buyer.
Figure 1-4. Display an application program to store.
Utilities are auxiliary programs that aim to regulate
computer configuration, keep the computer from viruses and hacker attacks, save data and so forth. This type of program is generally
not involve users in its use, but
work itself in accordance with a command or function.
Famous examples of the utility programs are: Windows Explorer, Anti-
Virus, Backup, Disk Defragmenter and other.
Utilities are auxiliary programs that aim to regulate
computer configuration, keep the computer from viruses and hacker attacks, save data and so forth. This type of program is generally
not involve users in its use, but
work itself in accordance with a command or function.
Famous examples of the utility programs are: Windows Explorer, Anti-
Virus, Backup, Disk Defragmenter and other.
Figure 1-6. Anti-virus program is detecting a computer virus
Computer Program Package
The program package is a combination of several application programs
packaged into a single unit to handle a field
work related. Examples of programs are well-known package
is Microsoft Office, where in it there is a program for
word processing (Word), a program for calculation and tabulation
(Excel), presentation program (PowerPoint) and so forth.
Microsoft Office is made to meet the needs of office on
general.
Judging from field work to be handled, the program can package
be distinguished among other things:
Figure 1-5. The programs are available in Microsoft Office
Programming Language
computer program. With the programming language we can arrange
commands to be executed by computer so that the
information or perform work according to our wishes.
Programming language that generally we know it today is
high-level language, where words are ordered using human language (English).
In the making of the program, now we not only formulate
commands in the text, but also assisted with the design tool
visual program will automatically create a command. Combination
of programming language and visual design tools are known
with the term development tools (development tools).
Various kinds of well-known development tools include:
Figure 1-3. Creating a program with Visual FoxPro
Media Storage in computer (Storage)
The hardware components in the form of floppy disks, hard drives, CD / DVD called
also as a storage medium (storage). Called the media because
serves as a container or a shelter. We can save
media data on floppy disks, hard disks, and CD / DVD without fear
lost due to the absence of electric current.
Storage media can serve a twofold purpose, namely as an input device
(providing data to be processed by the processor) and at the same time
as an output device (save the data / information that has been processed).
Operating Systems
The operating system is the main program that directly interact
with a language known by the engine computer (machine language).
The use of processor, memory, hard drive and so is governed by
operating system.
The types of operating system which is very famous among other things:
Software
Software (software) are programs that have been installed
(install) on a computer and control the work function
computer. Without software, a computer actually just
a machine that can not be anything.
The software is generally classified into seven major categories,
and under this category there is also a grouping according to type.
This type of software is always evolving according to
development of human needs in using the computer.
More and more variety of computer programs are made, the more
many capabilities that can be done by computer.
Classification of software by category are:
* Operating System (Operating System)
* Programming Language (Programming Language)
* Program Application (Application Program)
* Program Package (Package Program)
* Utilities (Utility)
* Games (Games)
* Multimedia
Actually, the category 2 to 7 can be classified as an application
because these programs run on the operating system.
In other words, the operating system must be installed and run more
first on the computer before it can run application programs.
(install) on a computer and control the work function
computer. Without software, a computer actually just
a machine that can not be anything.
The software is generally classified into seven major categories,
and under this category there is also a grouping according to type.
This type of software is always evolving according to
development of human needs in using the computer.
More and more variety of computer programs are made, the more
many capabilities that can be done by computer.
Classification of software by category are:
* Operating System (Operating System)
* Programming Language (Programming Language)
* Program Application (Application Program)
* Program Package (Package Program)
* Utilities (Utility)
* Games (Games)
* Multimedia
Actually, the category 2 to 7 can be classified as an application
because these programs run on the operating system.
In other words, the operating system must be installed and run more
first on the computer before it can run application programs.
Port-Port Computer
In addition to the components, should also know that in part
back of the computer (generally) available ports where we put
or connect the cable to other equipment.
The ports are generally available are:
ports for keyboard and mouse (the mainboard),
port to attach the monitor cable (from VGA card),
The parallel port (LPT), usually to install the printer cable,
The serial port (COM), usually to install communication devices.
modem port, where the telephone wire,
LAN port, install the network cable,
USB port, new port type that can be used for a variety of
purposes, such as printer cable, digital cable,
etc.,
Jack (socket) for speaker, microphone, and so forth.
Hardware Components
Here is a little discussed about the function of some hardware and common components that we use: Keyboard: as a place to enter (typed) data, can be also to give orders. Mouse: as a pointing device / move the pointer on screen and to give orders. Scanner: as a tool to enter data in the form image / photo. Monitor: also called computer screen, serves to show information that can be seen. Printer: used to print the data / information on paper. Speaker: work out the information in the form of sound. Processor: as the central data processor and controller work other devices. Mainboard: as a framework for the computer where the processor machines and other components installed. Diskette Drive: also called floppy drives, namely the place to enter floppy disks (diskettes). Function to read and write data on diskettes. CD Drive: a CD insert, function to read and / or write data on CD / VCD. Hard Drive: a storage area for data. Harddisk be in the casing (body) of computers and rarely moved move (also called fixed disk). Generally all programs and data stored in the hard disk. Memory (RAM): is a temporary data storage. RAM stands for Random Access Memory, which memory that can be accessed randomly by the processor. VGA Card: is a component that serves display picture / display on the monitor. VGA stands for Video Graphics Array. Sound Card: is the functional components that process data a voice that will be displayed on the speaker. LAN Card: is a component that would link computer with other computers. LAN Card not always exist on the computer, and installed if necessary only. LAN stands for Local Area Network. Modem: it is a necessary component if we want connection to the internet, or to send data through the telephone network. Modem is not always there on the computer, and installed if necessary. Stabilizer: function to stabilize the electric current that flows that enter into the computer's power supply is not too up and down which can cause damage electronic equipment and data. UPS: working to prevent the computer off when unexpected electrical outages. In time power outage, the UPS automatically provides electrical power for computers in a certain time. UPS stands for Uninteruptable Power Supply.
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